CBD

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is a key international treaty aimed at conserving biodiversity, using biological resources sustainably, and sharing the benefits from genetic resources fairly. Here’s a brief update: 1. **Overview**: The CBD was signed at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 and came into force in 1993. It has three main objectives: the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components, and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources. 2. **Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020**: The CBD’s Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 included 20 Aichi Biodiversity Targets aimed at addressing the drivers of biodiversity loss. Although significant progress was made, none of the targets were fully achieved by 2020, highlighting the need for more ambitious and effective actions. 3. **Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework**: Building on the Aichi Targets, the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework was adopted at COP15 in December 2022. This new framework sets out ambitious goals and targets for biodiversity conservation and sustainable use up to 2030 and 2050. 4. **COP Meetings**: The Conference of the Parties (COP) is the governing body of the CBD and meets biennially to review progress, set priorities, and adopt new measures. COP15, held in Kunming, China, and Montreal, Canada, was particularly significant for adopting the Global Biodiversity Framework. 5. **Nagoya Protocol**: The Nagoya Protocol, adopted in 2010, is a supplementary agreement to the CBD focusing on the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources. It aims to provide legal clarity and transparency for providers and users of genetic resources. 6. **Cartagena Protocol**: Another important supplementary agreement is the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, which addresses the safe handling, transport, and use of living modified organisms (LMOs) resulting from modern biotechnology that may have adverse effects on biodiversity. 7. **Implementation and Reporting**: Countries that are parties to the CBD are required to develop National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPs) and report on their implementation. The CBD Secretariat supports parties in their efforts to meet their obligations and achieve the targets. 8. **Engagement with Stakeholders**: The CBD engages with a wide range of stakeholders, including indigenous peoples, local communities, NGOs, the private sector, and academia, to promote biodiversity conservation and sustainable use. The CBD continues to be a crucial platform for global cooperation on biodiversity, driving international efforts to address the biodiversity crisis and promote sustainable development.